What does xn mean in hazards

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Chemical Formula. Glossary Index. Chronic Effect. Solid, liquid, pasty or gelatinous substances and preparations which may react exothermically without atmospheric oxygen thereby quickly evolving gases, and which under defined test conditions detonate, quickly deflagrate or upon heating explode when partially confined.

Liquid substances and preparations having an extremely low flash point and a low boiling point and gaseous substances and preparations which are flammable in contact with air at ambient temperature and pressure. R43 — May cause sensitisation by skin contact. R44 — Risk of explosion if heated under confinement.

R45 — May cause cancer. R46 — May cause heritable genetic damage. R48 — Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure.

R49 — May cause cancer by inhalation. R50 — Very toxic to aquatic organisms. R51 — Toxic to aquatic organisms. R52 — Harmful to aquatic organisms. R53 — May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R54 — Toxic to flora.

R55 — Toxic to fauna. R56 — Toxic to soil organisms. R57 — Toxic to bees. R58 — May cause long-term adverse effects in the environment. R59 — Dangerous for the ozone layer. R60 — May impair fertility. R61 — May cause harm to the unborn child. R62 — Possible risk of impaired fertility.

R63 — Possible risk of harm to the unborn child. R64 — May cause harm to breastfed babies. R65 — Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.

R66 — Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking. R67 — Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness. R68 — Possible risk of irreversible effects. Offered services Revision, update of safety data sheets Recommended article s H statements P statements Hazard pictogram. These contain validated basic information, which may be used also for preparing safety data sheets on chemical preparations or products. Lists of classified chemicals exist in several national legislations and regulations which provide information on local requirements in the handling of dangerous chemicals.

The information for classification, and labels, may be obtained from tests, from literature, from practical experience and from information requirements by international rules on the transport of dangerous substances and wastes. Some sources of information are listed in the bibliography. How to classify for a label? The label is the basic tool to keep the user informed on the classification and the most important safety precautions.

This information must be given if the preparation contains at least one substance classified as dangerous to man or the environment or if the preparation is otherwise regarded as dangerous, e. Annex 4 In EU countries the label must clearly show the trade name the name and the address, including telephone number, of the manufacturer, the importer or the distributor the chemical name of the substance in the case of a preparation, the chemical names of the hazardous components danger symbols risk phrases R-phrases safety phrases S-phrases the quantity of the contents of the package or container The labels should be in the national, official language s.

The label should show the chemical names of substances that are primarily responsible for the hazards. As a general rule a maximum of four chemical names on the label should be sufficient.

In some cases, more than four names may be necessary; for example all cancer causing substances in the preparation must be identified and the corresponding R- and S-phrases presented on the label.

Symbols showing the most serious hazards should be chosen where more than one danger symbol has to be assigned. As a general rule a maximum of two danger symbols are used. The explanation of the letter symbols appearing in the attached lists are given below. Each letter symbol refers to a danger symbol or pictogram in Annex 1 :. This symbol with the word 'explosive' denotes a substance which may explode under the effect of a flame or if subjected to shocks or friction.

The symbol with the word 'oxidizing' refers to a substance which releases a lot of heat while it reacts with other substances, particularly flammable substances. If it is gas it may burn in air at normal pressure. If it is a liquid it would catch fire with slight warming and exposure to a flame. In contact with water or damp air the substance may release highly flammable gases in dangerous quantities.

The same flammable symbol as above with words 'extremely flammable' denotes e. The symbol with skull and crossed bones with the word 'toxic' denotes a highly hazardous substance. The same symbol as above with the words 'very toxic' is used to label a substance, which, if inhaled or ingested or, if it penetrates the skin, may involve extremely serious immediate or long-term health risks and even death.

The symbol with the word 'corrosive' will be found on a label of a substance which may destroy living tissues on contact with them. Severe burns may result from splashes of such substance. The symbol with word 'harmful' denotes to substances which may cause health hazards less than toxic. It could refer to other types of risks e. The total amount of the substance in the preparation has an effect in choosing the danger symbols, R- and S-phrases.

Annex 8 Generally, no account needs to be taken of substances if they are present in following amounts, unless another lower limit has been specifically given: less than 0. The pictorial symbol indicating danger is drawn in black and the background colour should be orange. The dimensions of the label:. The minimum size of the danger symbol shall not be less than 10mm x 10mm.

Example 1. Classification of a substance. The label should carry this information. Check that the impurities do not exceed the limit of notice for impurity substances classified toxic. Example 2. Classification of a preparation: A preparation used for degreasing metal parts contains following dangerous components.

In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately show the label where possible. Avoid release to the environment.